The article below was published on November 27, 2003 (our Thanksgiving Day), for the Romanian newspaper, Cotidianul, in Bucharest. 

Carol wrote to us in an e-mail stating the reason for writing the article as follows:  our "passion for the ship will be the second part of the story, it is a good example about what role play a hobby in someone's life, for the Romanian post-dictature average people.  Our transitional society needs models more than you can imagine ... but, not a simple copy of the American life style.  A captain leading a ship on the oceans is a symbol of a dreamed freedom."

Before 1989, Carol Hârşan was a mining research engineer in the City of Cluj, Transylvania, Romania, while at the same time he was publishing poems and literature.  Following the Romanian revolution in December 1989, he became a journalist.  In 1992 he was invited by the U.S. Government to visit the U.S.A. based on his activity to establish an organization for fair elections and civic education.

Carol is presently a Romanian journalist specializing in synthesis and analytical articles about politics, conflict resolutions, inter-ethnical and inter-confessional relations, corruption and criminality in Eastern Europe, relations with the former Soviet Republics, and others.  He cooperates with many journals, magazines, radio stations in Romania, a Romanian national private TV, Antena I, and foreign press. 

During the next year he has the intention to publish a book about the manipulation of mechanisms in Eastern-European press after 1990, a book of poems, and some other writings.

Information for this article came from the website, interviews with Mrs. Mihaela Dimitrescu (the Captain's wife), from us, and other sources, but some factual information about the ship was lost in translation. 

DESTINE Comandat de un căpitan român, vasul SS New Orleans se îndreaptă spre cimitirul vapoarelor bătrâne, Alang din India

FATE Under the command of a Romanian captain, the ship, SS New Orleans, is heading towards the graveyard for old ocean liners in Alang India

Ultima croazieră a unui vapor de lux cu un român la timonă

The last cruise of a luxury ocean liner with a Romanian at the wheel

Carol Hârşan

Carol Hârşan

of Kuna, Idaho

Căpitanul român Costică J. Dimitrescu se află la comanda unui mare pachebot, cu o prodigioasă istorie, conducându-l pe ultimul drum, spre portul indian Alang, unde ar urma să fie dezmembrat.

The Romanian Captain, Costica J. Dimitrescu, found himself in command  of an ocean cruise liner, one with a long history, on its final voyage to the Indian port of Alang, where it will be torn apart for scrap.

Nava se numeşte New Orleans şi a servit sub pavilion american şi sub mai multe denumiri, începând cu anul 1958, când a fost construit la şantierele Pascagoula, Missisipi, ca navă de linie pentru croaziere oceanice de lux.

The ship called the New Orleans has sailed under the American flag and under many other names, beginning in the year 1958, when it was built in a shipyard in Pascagoula, Mississippi, as a luxury ocean liner.

Dar, ca în poveştile care atrag mai ales prin suspans, mai există o şansă ca nava să îşi schimbe direcţia spre o destinaţie care înseamnă viaţă pentru o mare doamnă a navigaţiei internaţionale.

However, the story is full of suspense; there is still hope that the ship may change her direction for another destination, which would mean new life for the grand mistress of international navigation.

Ginger Casey a realizat un site în care nostalgicii deapănă amintiri despre SS New Orleans.

Ginger Casey has constructed a Web Site in which people who feel nostalgic about her can reminisce about the SS New Orleans.

Un hobby pentru Ginger Casey explică cum poate un vapor să îţi marcheze copilăria. Astăzi, Ginger Casey este o expertă în computere lucrând pentru o firmă de avocaţi din Orlando, Florida. În anul 1956 a făcut cu familia o călătorie la Rio de Janeiro cu nava de pasageri care atunci, se numea SS Argentina, fiind foarte fericită şi făcând o grămadă de nebunii la bord, spre hazul părintilor. A tinut apoi, acele imagini într-un sertar special al memoriei, ca pe o „sărbătoare de neuitat“. Prin anii '80 a început să caute ştiri despre vaporul copilăriei, dacă mai era în serviciu, dacă ar mai putea face o croazieră cu el, dar n-a aflat nimic, asta pentru că Internetul nu se născuse încă. Abia în anul 1998 a localizat vaporul, care se numea acum Enchanted Isle, dar conjuncturile de viaţă au împiedicat sejurul visat. Când, în sfârşit, era pregătită, a pierdut din nou urma vasului, acesta având un alt nume dat de un nou proprietar.

Ginger’s hobby shows how an ocean liner can make such an impression on a person’s childhood.  Today, Ginger Casey is a computer expert working for a law firm in Orlando, Florida. In 1956 she took a cruise with her family in Rio de Janeiro on a passenger ship which at that time was called the SS Argentina. She was deeply enthralled by all the on board activities and amusements, to the delight of her parents.  Ever since then, these images have formed a special part of her memory as “special times that will never be forgotten.”  In the decade of the 80s, she began to look for news about the ocean liner of her childhood, to see if it was still in service, and if it was still possible to take a cruise, but she found nothing, even today’s Internet turned up no results. Then in 1998 she found the ocean liner, which was now called the Enchanted Isle, but there was still an obstacle to realizing her dream. When she was just about to reach her goal, she once again lost track of the ship because it was renamed by the new owner.

Abia în luna iulie a acestui an a citit stupefiată, un articol în Orlando Sentinel că vasul se află în portul Violet, Louisiana, aşteptând un cumpărător salvator, în caz contrar, urmând să fie dezmembrat şi dat la topit. Ginger a vizitat vaporul la doc şi a creat un site special, pe Internet, la care i-a invitat să scrie pe toţi cei care au călătorit cu acest vapor, indiferent cum s-ar fi numit vasul ântre timp. Site-ul este în creştere continuă, contribuţiile fiind numeroase. A făcut site-ul şi pentru că la vechea ei şcoală din Rio - Escola Americana, vasul SS New Orleans are foarte mulţi fani. Ginger şi prietenul ei, Bill Vinson, au rămas uimiţi de faptul că atât de mulţi oameni iubesc ceea ce acest vapor a însemnat pentru ei, pentru tinereţea lor şi pentru insaţiabila poftă de aventură şi descoperire de noi tărâmuri.

It was in July of this year that she was astonished to find an article in the Orlando Sentinel that the ship could be found at port in Violet, Louisiana, awaiting a buyer to save her, otherwise she was to be scrapped and melted down. Ginger visited the ocean liner at the dock and created a special site on the Internet, where she invited anyone who had been a passenger on this luxury cruiser to write about it, regardless of the name of the ship at the time of his or her voyage. The site quickly grew and there were many contributors. By means of the site and the students of her old school in Rio, Escola Americana, the SS New Orleans soon had many fans. Ginger and her friend Bill Vinson, were astounded by what could be accomplished by people who were very passionate about the ocean liner in terms of what it meant to them and the boundless energy expended by fellow fans is displaying a spirit of adventure and discovery.

La 25 octombrie 2003, Ginger şi Bill urcă la bordul vasului SS New Orleans, fiind întâmpinaţi de noul căpitan, Costică Dimitrescu, care le-a oferit prilejul ultimei vizite, a doua zi urmând să ridice ancora cu destinaţia Alang, India, via Gibraltar.

The 25th of October 2003, Ginger and Bill climbed on board the ship SS  New Orleans, after a meeting with the new captain.  Costica Dimitrescu, who had offered them the privilege of a last visit, two days before she would weigh anchor with her destination set for Alang, India, by way of Gibraltar.

Căpitanul Dimitrescu i-a primit în mod deosebit la bord, întelegând valoarea sentimentală a evenimentului final din viaţa navei şi le-a făcut cîteva daruri de pret: obiecte cu valoare de antichităti şi un album - cartea de onoare din anii 1987-1988. „A fost o gazdă perfectă şi am făcut multe fotografii, inclusiv în momentele când SS New Orleans a ridicat ancora pentru ultimul drum“, îsi aminteste Ginger.

Captain Dimitrescu displayed unusual courtesy on board, he keenly appreciated the sentiment involved in the final fate of the ship, giving them things of priceless value: objects valued as artifacts and an album – the Guest Book of Honor for the years 1987-1988.  ” He was the perfect host and I have many photographs, including the very moment when the SS New Orleans weighed anchor for the last voyage,“ recalls Ginger.

Website-ul Moore-Maccormack Lines se îmbogăţeşte aproape zilnic, mulţi foşti pasageri povestindu-şi aventurile din timpul croazierelor. Ginger şi Bill consideră că fac o treabă foarte bună, conservând un fragment aparent minor din istoria navigaţiei moderne, dar a cărei semnificaţie creşte în lumina schimbărilor ce survin în viaţa oamenilor în epoca postmodernă: rapiditatea deplasărilor şi a comunicaţiilor, pragmatismul tot mai covârşitor ce marchează carierele şi estomparea treptată a conceptului de „aventură“ care, altădată, oferea savoare vieţii şi maturităţii unui om.

The Web Site at Moore-MacCormack Lines grows in content almost daily, there are many who have told their accounts of adventure during the time the ship was a luxury cruiser. Ginger and Bill considered this something that must be done, preserving a minor part of modern navigational history, whose significance grows in light of the advances that have occurred in public transportation in the postmodern age, speedy transportation and communication.  Above all, in a practical way, men’s choices in careers have been drastically changed, blurring the concept of “adventure” with which up until now, most men grew up and which they relished.

Mihaela nu se plânge că este sotie de căpitan de cursă lungă

Mihaela does not complain about being the wife of captain who makes long voyages

 „Căsătoria am aranjat-o prin telegraf, el era pe mare“, îmi povesteşte Mihaela Dimitrescu, „trebuia să aibă loc în 25 decembrie, dar am fixat-o în noaptea de Revelion, aveam peste 100 de invitaţi, pentru că, dacă nu ar fi ajuns la timp la ţărm, măcar Revelionul era salvat. Dar, a ajuns la timp…“

“I planned the marriage by telegraph, he was at sea,“ relates Mihaela Dimitrescu.  “It had to take place on December 25th, even though I had planned it for New Year’s Eve, there were about 100 guests, that way, even if he could not get shore leave, there was still New Year’s day available. But the time had come.…“

Asa a început povestea Mihaelei ca viitoare soţie de căpitan de cursă lungă. S-au căsătorit în 1982, iar naş le-a fost un alt lup de mare, Costică Vasilescu, un profesionist al meseriei, care astăzi, face pilotaj pe Canalul Mânecii, apreciat de specialiştii britanici.

And so began the story of Mihaela’s married life to a long haul sea captain. They had married in 1982; again her heart had gone after an old sea dog, Costica Vasilescu, a professional whose vocation from now on would be to pilot ships through the English Channel, sought after by British firms.

Costică este un marinar nonconformist: nu bea, nu fumează şi îi plac foarte mult dulciurile. Şi-a cunoscut fiul la o lună după naşterea lui, când a venit acasă dintr-o cursă lungă, cu 101 fire de garoafe albe. A doua zi l-a luat în braţe pe stadion la Progresul pentru că era meci…

Costica, as far as seamen go, is a nonconformist: he does not drink or smoke and has a very pleasant personality.  He did not see his son until a month after he had been born, when he came home after a long voyage carrying a bouquet of 101 white carnations. When he was two days old, he carried him in his arms to the soccer stadium Progresul because there was a soccer match.…

De mic copil şi-a dorit să aibă un cal şi un ursuleţ. Pentru că nu i-a putut avea la timpul potrivit, a transferat dăruirea asupra fiului său, Cristian. Astfel, în 1990 i-a luat un mânz care astăzi, este un armăsar ce trăieşte la o familie din Vintul de Jos. Ursuleţul din copilărie a fost substituit cu un câine mare, negru ce aduce cu un urs, un Terra Nova. Când l-a plătit vânzătorului, acesta nu a avut bani de rest şi, în schimbul acestuia i-a dat… o pisică persană.

From child hood he adored his toys, a horse and a teddy bear. Because he could not give him those things back then, he gave them to his son, Cristian, when he was older. Thus, in 1990 there was born a colt that today, is a stallion which the family took with them in their move to the subdivision of Vintul de Jos. The childhood teddy bear has been replaced by a large black dog who reminds one of a New World bear.  After he paid all his bills, and there was no money left, in exchange for something he ended up with … a Persian cat.

Dintr-o călătorie în India a adus în vara lui 1986, când în România se accentua criza alimentară, o maimuţă - Sică - un macac intrat în ţară legal şi vaccinat. Sică a fost, probabil, prima maimuţă care a făcut pasul de la viaţa în junglă la viaţa pe balconul unui bloc dintr-un cartier bucureştean. Sică s-a bătut cu Cristian pentru fiecare plăcintă, gogoaşă, bomboană, banană, furând şi din supa de perişoare, alungând liniştea familiei, pentru o vreme. Astăzi, Sică îşi trăieşte bătrâneţile liniştite la o altă familie, în Crângaşi…

In his travels to India in the summer of 1986, when the Romanian food crisis became acute, he encountered a monkey - Sica – a macaw who came in very legally and was also vaccinated.  Sica was probably the first monkey to ever make the jump from living in the jungle to living on the balcony of an apartment house in a Bucharest neighborhood.  Sica fought with Cristian over pies, donuts, candy, bananas, pilfering the meat balls out of the soup, getting along peacefully with the family for a while. Today, Sica has been sent to live with another family in the zone of Crangasi…

Cristian Dimitrescu are acum 20 de ani şi este student la Ştiinţe Politice la Universitatea Bucureşti, secţia engleză, unde a intrat în stilul tatălui său, fără să spună ce are de gând.

Cristian Dimitrescu is 20 years old now and is a Political Science Student at the University of Bucharest, English section, where he has imitated his father setting his mind on accomplishing what he wants to do.

Familia Dimitrescu are o vocaţie a botezului, botezând peste zece copii.

The Dimitrescu family really enjoys children, being blessed with ten of them over the years.

Căpitanul Dimitrescu colecţionează vederi din toate drumurile de pe mare, având o prodigioasă memorie a faptelor de viaţă profesională pe care le-a trăit. Este nematerialist, îi este străină notiunea de avere în sensul „mapeţilor actuali de pe Dâmboviţa“, îi ajunge să trăiască bine.

Captain Dimitrescu collected postcards during all his travels by sea.  He has a vast memory of facts which he has acquired during the course of his professional life. He is very non-materialistic, which seems rather strange in a way, he does not even have “any maps of Lake Dambovita (in the center of Bucharest),” he states mildly.

Mihaela este absolventă de ştiinţe economice, doctorand al Academiei Române, conducătoare a unei organizaţii neguvernamentale de implementare a democratiei şi expertă în consilierea femeilor pentru cariera… de politician.

Mihaela graduated in economics, an expert at the Romanian Academy, she directs various non- governmental organizations to promote democracy, and she is also a consultant for women whose career is ... politics!

Un căpitan ieşit din tipare: fără pipă şi fără eterna sticlă de whisky

Our captain does not fit the mold: smoking a pipe and having with him the ever present bottle of whiskey

 A absolvit Institutul de Marină „Mircea cel Bătrân“ din Constanţa, după un examen de admitere ţinut secret, părinţii ştiind că este la examene la Politehnică la Cluj. A pus un prieten să-i anunţe că a reuşit… la marină!

He graduated from the Naval Institute of “Mircea cel Batran“ in the city of Constanta on the Black Sea.  He took a secret entrance exam; his parents thought he was taking the exam to enter the Polytechnic at Cluj. He had a friend announce to them that he had passed the exam for … the Navy!

Acum, Costică Dimitrescu suferă că flota românească a devenit o amintire şi, mai ales, că echipajele româneşti de navigaţie maritimă s-au împrăştiat în cele patru vânturi. El însuşi este un mercenar la dispoziţia oricărui armator în căutare de ofiţeri de marină cu CV-ul cât mai bine garnisit.

Right away, Costica Dimitrescu gained experience with the Romanian  Fleet and grew to appreciate much about that group of fellow Romanian seamen and navigators, who made such an impression on him sailing the seven seas. He himself has a mercenary attitude toward any ship owner in search of a naval officer with an ever more impressive resume.

A ajuns comandantul navei SS New Orleans după ce şi-a depus CV la mai multe companii şi a fost ales după o selectie extrem de riguroasă trecând prin patru etape până la acceptarea finală.

 He was given the command of the ship, SS New Orleans, after having sent his resume (CV) to a host of other companies, and then only after a rigorous selection process, going over four more hurdles to be finally accepted.

Azi, marinăria nu mai este o afacere dublată de sentimentul libertăţii ca în vremurile din urmă, ci marina comercială s-a transformat într-o castă cu reguli proprii, în cadrul căreia zonele de influenţă între marile companii maritime sunt foarte bine delimitate. În noile structuri au acces doar foarte bunii specialişti.

In today’s world for seamen, there is nothing like the feeling of  Freedom of pursuing the goal of being a commercial navigator, which has a rigid cast system with its own rules and regulations, and an environment in which spheres of influence among the important maritime companies are clearly defined. It is a system that is only accessed by highly skilled specialists.

Peste două luni, dacă lucrurile evoluează în modul previzibil - deocamdată, în sensul morţii iminente a vasului - se va întoarce acasă, la Bucureşti. Bineînteles, dacă între timp nu primeşte un nou contract, o nouă destinaţie, ceea ce va însemna de fapt, o nouă poveste.

For about two months, his job went as expected and for the time being, awaiting the eventual demise of his ship, he returned home to Bucharest.  Naturally, she will meet her fate unless the ship is bought in a new sales agreement in the mean time, with a change in destination, which would mean in fact, a brand new story.

Creşterea şi descreşterea destinului unui vapor

To see the ups and downs in the life of an ocean liner

Iată, pe scurt, istoricul acestui vas, extras din detaliile aflate pe site-ul creat de Ginger Casey. În 1958, a fost ultimul vas de pasageri construit în Statele Unite, adăugându-i-se două punţi suplimentare în anul 1964. Este copia fidelă a unui vas de lux construit în anul 1928 pentru călătorii între New York şi San Francisco, prin Canalul Panama.

Take a quick look at the historical details of this ship in the Web Site created by Ginger Casey. In 1958, it was the last passenger ship constructed in the United  States; two extra decks were added in 1964. It was a copy of an earlier luxury ship built in 1928 for passengers between New York and San Francisco, by way of the Panama Canal.

Începând cu anul 1969, compania deţinătoare, Moore-McCormack Lines înregistrează pierderi financiare datorită avântului companiilor aviatice.

Starting in the year 1969, the transportation company Moore-McCormack Lines reported financial losses attributed to the advances in the air transportation industry.

În 1973 este rebotezat Veendam, apoi succesiv, Brasil, Monarch Star, Bermuda Star, Enchanted Isle, Universe Ambassador, ultima renumire având loc la 6 septembrie 2003, cînd s-a revenit la numele iniţial, New Orleans.

In 1973 she was re-baptized as the Veendam, and afterwards in  succession, the Brasil, Monarch Star, Bermuda Star, Enchanted Isle, and the Universe Ambassador.  The last renaming took place the 6th of September of 2003, when she took back her original name, the New Orleans.

Nava a avut un singur accident, în 10 iunie 1990, când, într-o croazieră de la New York la Montreal, s-a lovit de recifuri la Buzzards Bay, pierzând 7500 de galoane de combustibil. Nimeni nu a fost rănit.

The ship has had only one accident, on the 10 of June 1990.  When cruising between New York and Montreal, she ran into submerged rocks in Buzzards Bay, losing 7500 gallons of fuel. No one was hurt.

În primăvara anului 2000 proprietarul Commodore Cruise Lines îl remobilează şi adaptează transformându-l într-un cazinou plutitor de lux pentru călătorii între California şi Mexic.

In the spring of 2000, the owner, Commodore Cruise Lines, refurbished the ship and made it into a floating luxury casino for passengers between California and Mexico.

Iniţiativa comercială nu durează însă, prea mult, compania intrând în procedură de faliment. Vaporul este vândut la 5 decembrie 2002 la licitaţie, pentru suma de 2,6 milioane de dolari, firmei Effjohn, ale cărei încercări de salvare eşuează la scurt timp. Caruselul vânzărilor rapide continuă, astfel că, la 28 august 2003 este cumpărat de către Kanika Marine Ltd., care, la rândul său, vinde vasul cu 2,08 milioane de dolari unei companii care îl va duce la dezmembrat în India.

Beginning to suffer economic setbacks, which were many, the company went to bankruptcy court. The ocean liner was sold the 5th of December 2002 at auction, for the sum of 2.6 million dollars to the firm of Effjohn who will try recover their investment quickly. Things continued to change quickly and, so, on the28th of August 2003, she was bought by Kanika Marine Ltd., who, in turn, sold the ship for 2.08 million dollars to a company who will send her to India to be scrapped.

Căpitanul Costică Dimitrescu preia vasul la 25 octombrie 2003, părăsind portul Violet, Louisiana, cu destinaţia Alang, India. În jurul datei de 20 octombrie vasul va intra in Mediterana, trecând de Gibraltar. În acest timp, un consorţiu american din Florida face demersuri deosebite pentru a salva nava de la dezmembrare şi topire. Pe vas se află instalate peste 600 de aparate de jocuri electronice, sute de televizoare, precum şi întreaga recuzită necesară activităţilor de cazinou plutitor, în condiţiile deservirii unei clientele luxoase, cu toate facilităţile necesare.

Captain Costica Dimitrescu took the helm of the ship on October 25th, 2003, leaving the port of Violet, Louisiana, with the destination of Alang, India.  Around October 20th the ship will enter the Mediterranean, passing through Gibraltar. At this time, an American consortium in Florida is making some progress in efforts to save the ship from being scrapped and melted down.  There are on board about 600 electronic gaming machines, television sets, things you would need to run a floating casino, appropriate for a luxury clientele, along with all necessary facilities.

În aceste zile, nava New Orleans a trecut prin Gibraltar şi a ajuns la Port Said. Ştiri de ultimă oră ne anunţă vânzarea vaporului către un cumpărător indian dr. Amil Sharma, proprietar al unei companii din Maryland, USA. Doi ofiţeri de marină din România fac parte din echipa sa. În următoarele două luni, în orice moment, căpitanul Costică Dimitrescu poate primi un ordin de schimbare a directiei spre o nouă destinaţie, prelungind astfel viaţa navei.

To date, the ship New Orleans has passed through Gibraltar and has reached Port Said. The latest news has it that it has been sold to an Indian buyer, Dr. Anil Sharma, owner of various companies in Maryland, USA. Two Romanian naval officers are part of the crew. We will keep you posted with more details. Still after following the story for 2 months, at any moment, Captain Costica Dimitrescu could receive an order to change direction for a new destination and thus prolong the ship’s life on the high seas.

Cimitirul elefanţilor mării

The Sea’s Elephant Graveyard

Industria ,,spargerii" vapoarelor are o localizare unică in lume: Alang, Gujarat, India.  Aici este imperiul specializat al consorţiului Agrawal Shiping Group.  Muncitorii sunt migranti indieni, ceea ce creează numeroase complicaţii sociale.  Zona este înconjurată de aşezări supraaglomerate de tip ,,bidonville" în care confortul minim este de neimaginat, deşi aşezările sunt structurate pe caste.

The industry of “breaking" ocean liners has only one location in the world: Alang, in the state of Gujarat, India.  Here one finds a specialized empire in the Consortium of Agrawal Shipping Group.  The workers are migrant Indians, which has created many social problems.  The area is awash in hovels built on more hovels reminiscent of the “bidonvilles" (shacks made of gas cans in Algeria in WWII) in which even minimal living standards are unimaginable, even so, the shacks are segregated according to the caste system.

Plarforma industrială pentru resturile refolosibile este un eufemism: platforma este chiar plaja.  Când un ,,nou" vapor este adus la dezmembrat, plaja este curătată până la ultimul şurub de resturile celui vechi. Se ,,sparg" aici vase de toate tipurile, de la iahturi la pacheboturi şi superpetroliere. Există o piaţă cu reţele ce ajung până la Calcutta, Bombay şi Delhi, pentru antichităţile şi obiectele de lux luate de pe pacheboturi, scrumiere de aur, candelabre sau scaune forjate a căror glorie a apus. O altă retea desface şi vinde segmente electrice, piese de motoare şi părţi mecanice. La topit merge doar scheletul.

”Industrial Platform for Reusable Parts” is a euphemism: the platform is a plain old beach.  When a “new” ocean liner is brought to be scrapped, the beach is cleaned up until there is not one bolt left from the old one. Ships of all types are “broken” here, from yachts to the ocean liners and super oil tankers. There is a network of markets reaching as far as Calcutta, Bombay and Delhi, for antiques and luxury items taken from ocean liners; golden ashtrays, hand forged candelabras of past glory. The other part of the market network takes apart and sells electrical wiring, engine parts and mechanical parts. Just the skeleton of the ship goes into the melting furnace.

Occidentul este obişnuit cu construcţia vapoarelor şi a navelor de orice tip. Când le vine vremea, sau din voinţa stăpânilor lor, vapoarele sunt asasinate în Orient, la Alang.

In the West, we are used to the construction of any and all types of ocean liners. But when the time comes, according to the will of their owners, they are put to death in the East, in Alang.